Low cost solucije u sistemu Odbrane i benefitiranje tehnološkim razvojem u oružanim snagama

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"Designed to reduce acquisition and operating costs; Alenia Aermacchi has claimed that the M-346's flight performance to be "second only to afterburner-equipped aircraft". During the design process, the twin concepts of "design-to-cost" and "design-to-maintain" were adhered to, reducing acquisition and operational costs; the per flying hour costs of the M346 are reportedly one-tenth of those of the Eurofighter Typhoon. Outside of the training role, the M-346 was designed from the onset to accommodate additional operational capabilities, including combat missions such as close air support and air police duties."
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M-346FA
Capability for long range/endurance and time on station.

The FA (Fighter Attack) variant, evolution from the Advanced Jet Trainer variant of the M-346 , is the most suitable response to meet the widest range of customer operational needs. The aircraft is a multi-role lightweight fighter equipped with the multi-mode Grifo-346 radar, with Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) and specifically optimized for the M-346FA variant.

Highly cost-effective tactical solution

For the modern battlefield. At the same time the FA variant keeps all the features of the M-346AJT (Advanced Jet Trainer), providing the air forces with maximum commonality, operational flexibility and advanced training capabilities.
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Retaining a full advanced/lead-in fighter trainer capability, the FA variant has significantly enhanced combat capability thanks to a Leonardo Grifo-346 multi-mode radar and IFF (identification friend or foe) equipment. Among the radar’s capabilities are synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and Inverse SAR for surface target identification. In track-while-scan mode it can track up to 10 aerial targets simultaneously. Maximum range is greater than 50 nm (92 km).

The aircraft has seven hardpoints for the carriage of a variety of weapons and targeting/reconnaissance pods, network-centric communications including Link 16 or customer-specific tactical datalink, and a defensive aids sub-system. Voice command and helmet-mounted display are options. It has in-flight refueling capability and includes an embedded virtual tactical training system.
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Alenia Aermacchi signs a EUR 280 million contract with Poland for eight M-346

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Adaptiv - sistem aktivne kamuflaže. Namijena mu je zaštita vojnih vozila od detekcije iz IC spektra putem noćnih uređaja za osmatranje, omogućujući vozilima infracrvenu steltnost. Čini ga zona heksagonalnih Peltijer pločica koje mogu biti brzo zagrijavane i hlađene radi formiranja zahtjevanog odraza poput prirodnog okruženja ili objekata van liste ciljeva. Cilj je razvoj steltnih zemaljskih vozila.
Sistem čini oko 1.000 heksagonalnih pločica, odnosno ta količina je dovoljna za pokrivanje strana vozila veličine tenka ili oklopnog vozila. Sistem smanjuje mogućnost detekcije vozila na ispod 500 metara.

"The Peltier plate panels are rapidly heated and cooled to match either the temperature of the background, such as a forest, or one of the objects in the thermal cloaking system's "library" such as a truck, car or large rock. The system is able to gather and display thermal images while the vehicle is moving. The result is to "cloak" the vehicle from detection by heat-detecting night vision devices (thermographic camera systems)."

"For crypsis, the panels can display an infrared image of the vehicle's background; this can be updated as the vehicle moves. For mimesis, an image of a chosen object, such as a car, can be retrieved from Adaptiv's library and superimposed on the background. The illustration shows Adaptiv mimicking a four wheel drive car, using part of the panel, while the rest of the panel is cryptic, imitating the natural background. The technology is said to reduce the range at which a vehicle would be detected to less than 500 metres."



Heksagonske pločice Adaptiva su široke 14cm. Robustne su i mogu da izdrže fizičke udare pomažući oklopu vozila koje ih voze. Hlade i zagrijevaju se pomoću komercijalno dostupnih tehnologija i električni su pogonjene sa sistema vozila. Oštećeni paneli se u slučaju oštećenja lako skidaju i zamjenjuju.

"As well as ground vehicles, such as tanks, ADAPTIV can also be used on ships, aircraft and fixed installations. The pixels can also be resized to achieve stealth at different ranges. A warship or building, for example, might not need close-up stealth, so could be fitted with larger panels to display a lower resolution image."

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BAE's ADAPTIV technology renders vehicles invisible to infrared




"From the beginning, the design team focused on making the system as cost-effective as possible by leveraging commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components. The design philosophy presented a list of challenges, including finding sufficiently robust components with appropriate lifetimes, and also lifecycles. After all, consumer electronics feature lifecycles that are a fraction of the lifetime of a fighting vehicle."
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Универсальное огневое сооружение (УОС) «Горчак»

Borbena platforma za ojačavanje dugovremenih i poljskih fortafikacija. Sredstvo je lako za prevoz, lako se postavlja na vatrenu tačku i relativno je malog profila. Prednosti u odnosu na klasična ukopana sredstva te točkaško - gusjenična vozila uz liniju fronta su jasna, a o cost - efektivnosti da ne pričamo.

Borbena platforma je u obliku dva mjesta sa hermetičnim vratima. Na gornjem dijelu nalazi se blok naoružanja i osmatrački pribor pod oklopnom pločom.
Blok naoružanja čine mitraljezi 7,62 i 12,7mm, BGA AGS 17 30mm, te PORV Fagot ili Konkurs/M . Ispod bloka naoružanja nalaze se radna mjesta operatera. Platforma se pokreće mehanički. Pribor osmatranja omogućava konstatno nadgledanje bojnog polja.


Upravljanje blokom naoružanja vrši se daljinski putem blokova periskopa, pribora nišanjenja i vođenja. Posluga se konstantno nalazi ispod nivoa zemlje. Bez pretjeranog maskiranja platforma postoja gotovo nevidljiva. Platforma je otporna na djelovanje artiljerijskih granata. Transport se vrši točkaškim vozilom, a Gorčak se postavlja putem vojne inžinjerijske mašine bez velikog utroška vremena.

" Для установки УОС на выбранной позиции с помощью инженерной землеройной машины в грунте готовится цилиндрическое углубление глубиной 2,0 м и диаметром 2,5 м с примыкающей перекрытой траншеей для входа в УОС расчета. В скрытом положении блок вооружения находится в опущенном положении, люк в крыше сооружения прикрыт броневой крышкой. Высота сооружения над грунтом при этом не превышает 150 мм, что делает его малозаметным, при применении несложных мер маскировки — практически незаметным на местности для наземного и воздушного наблюдения. При переводе в боевое положение верхняя крышка УОС открывается, блок вооружения поднимается вверх — установка готова к открытию огня."

"Бронированная крышка выдерживает прямое попадание артиллерийского снаряда полевого орудия. Однако наибольшую защиту дает малая заметность сооружения."


"В таких "узких местах" ставят КПП, если есть необходимость ДОТы или другие оборонительные строения. Дешевле, практичнее и значительно более комфортабельно. Я так понимаю. (УОС) «Горчак» предназначен для, быстрого развертывания, неожиданного для противника."

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Pitanje u kojoj je realnoj meri zasticeno od artiljerijskih orudja i od kojih i kalibara i efektive na cilju ...?
Da su minimalna silueta , to jesu i da su moguca iznedjenje za "potencijalnog i slabije obavestenog agresora" i to takodje , ali su oni "sitniji" tehnicki detalji za sada poznatiji proizvodjacu ...

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Pise direktan pogodak terenskog pistolja google prevod (field gun), poljski top.

To se odnosi na MB vjerojatno, manje haubice Nemamo bas poljske topove vise.

Ne izgleda lose.
Mada, kad bolje razmislim to se stavlja bas tamo gdje ocekujes neprijatelja.
Baze raskrsca.
Ako bi zeljeli sve da pokrijemo docicemo do Albanskih bunkera ili mazino linije.
Ipak je lakse ukopati manje vozilo podrske.
Panhard VBL, wiesel ili humwee sa odgovarajucom platformom. koje po potrebi dolazi na pripremljeni odbrambeni polozaj.
Moze i neki OT ali ipak su (pogotovo vbl i wiesel) manjih dimenzija laksi za ukopavanje.

I taman neku sliku da nadjem isadje mi humvee LOSAT.
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Dron kit za ručni raketni bacač bjeloruske proizvodnje. Jedinstveni UAV sa RRB opremljenim konvencionalnim kvadrokopterom sa četiri motora. Za sistem se koristi potrošni RRB RPG 26 kalibra 72,5mm sa dometom od 250 metara. U osnovi se radi o RRB oko kojeg je dizajniran i napravljen UAV.


Još jedan sličan koncept, takođe bjeloruski. Sistem nosi dva RRB.

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Belarusian Unmanned Aerial Anti-Tank Grenade Launcher

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Belarus developed drone kit for anti-tank rocket launcher

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Moj helikopterčić kupljen za 10$ u Kini namenjen za po kući savršeno žiroskopski održava nagibe i visinu. Nišanjenje ako su rešili...ovo može da bude ubitačno jer može sa gornje strane da tuče po tenkovima gde su najtanji

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Gabbiano TS Ultra Light Multi Mode Radar

Novi Gabbiano TS Ultra-Light (UL) osmatrački radar proizvod Leonarda. Radi se o veoma dostupnom proizvodu težine manje od 24kg. U radar se upakovane sve tehnologije i modovi uspješne lepeze Gabiano radara.
Radi se o najlakšem ikada proizvedenom osmatračkom radaru sa multi-mode, multi-mission karakteristikama i mehaničkim skeniranjem.
Kompaktnost i mala masa radara (comprising just two units; a 12-inch nose antenna and separate Receiver Transmitter Processor (RTP) pogodni su za njegovu integraciju u bespiltne letjelice manjih gabarita, te lake helikoptere i avione.

"The Gabbiano TS UL can also work with an Automated Identification System (AIS) and can cue electro-optic sensors, making it an effective and competitive solution for maritime patrol missions even from small or mid-size vessels.

The Gabbiano family has already been selected by 12 international customers and equips aircraft ranging from unmanned vehicles such as the Hermes 450™, Hermes 900™ and Leonardo Falco EVO to helicopters including the AW139 and AW101 and fixed-wing vehicles such as the KC-390, Beechcraft B350 and ATR42MP."

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"State-of-the-art, Compact, X-band radar for all-weather sea, ground and air surveillance. Gabbiano TS Ultra-Light surveillance radar provides long and short range surveillance capabilities for both civilian and military forces."
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"The news follows Leonardo and Diamond Aircraft’s announcement this June that they are teaming up to offer the DA62 MSA, a version of Diamond’s twin-engine DA62 aircraft specially tailored for maritime and over-land surveillance missions, with Leonardo’s ATOS mission system at its heart. At launch, the platform was equipped with Gabbiano Ultra-Light TS-20 radar, now in this latest development the two companies have agreed to also integrate the Leonardo Gabbiano Ultra-Light TS-80 radar as an ‘off-the-shelf’ fit, providing even longer ranges for the extensive suite of Gabbiano-family radar modes and giving potential customers a wider range of options to choose from.

The DA62 MSA is the latest variant of Diamond Aircraft’s successful Special Mission Aircraft portfolio. The all-carbon-fibre, twin-engine aircraft is equipped with a state-of-the-art glass cockpit and a fully integrated autopilot. It is powered by two turbo charged jet-fuel engines which enable the aircraft to stay airborne for up to eight hours due to their superb fuel efficiency. The carbon fibre material provides for unlimited airframe life and is not subject to corrosion, even when operated in saline and humid environments. Together, fuel efficiency and the unlimited airframe life combine for extremely low direct operating costs, making the DA62 MSA the most cost-efficient Special Mission Aircraft in its class."

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Pasivni radarski sistem njemačke kompanije Henšoldt – TwInvis skraćeno od twin + invisible. Nastao je na iskustvima srpske PVO i njenog čuvenog obaranja američkog steltnog borbenog aviona F 117A. Radar niti emituje signal niti zahtijeva emitovanje signala od cilja. Radar je moguće integrisati u tipična terenska ili kombi vozila i ne emituje signale radi praćenja vazdušnog saobraćaja već jednostavno pasivno analizira ehoe signala radio i TV stanica.

"Our newly developed, highly sensitive digital receivers now make it possible for a single TwInvis system to monitor up to 200 aircraft in 3D within a radius of 250 kilometres. This was unthinkable even just a few years ago," said Hensoldt CEO Thomas Müller. "This will open up completely new options for application in such fields as air defence, the protection of large events or air traffic control."

Radeći uglavnom na principu resivera, pasivni radaraski sistem otkriva avione analizirajući signale koji se reflektuju sa postojećih emisija trećih strana. Henšoltov system nudi veoma preciznu sliku VaPa kojeg pokriva koja se dobija istovremenom analizom velikog broja frekvencijskih opsega.



„For example, up to 16 FM transmitters (analogue radio) plus 5 frequencies used by several DAB and DAB+ transmitters (digital radio) as well as DVB-T and DVB-T2 (digital, terrestrial television) can be simultaneously analysed for the first time. Furthermore, Hensoldt's new generation of software will provide unprecedented performance in terms of range and precision of detection. “

Sistem je u ponudi za vojne namjene, civilnu kontrolu avio – saobraćaja i druge strukture. Dva demonstratora su već isporučeni potencijalnim kupcima u Evropi.

“In civil applications, passive radar systems make cost-effective air traffic control possible without any additional emissions and without using transmission frequencies, which are in short supply. In military applications, the system enables wide-area surveillance using networked receivers, while offering the advantage that passive radar systems cannot be located by the enemy and are very hard to jam.

Moreover, no agreement is required with any other public authority, as there is no radiation, which allows the system to be quickly ready for deployment in new locations and to also be used in urban areas. This results in another advantage of the new technology: the system can be used in places where coverage was previously inadequate, in particular for example, in mountainous regions.”

Sistem krase mala nabavna cijena i jeftino održavanje (nema okrećućih dijelova, transmitter nije potreban, COTS kompjuteri). Sistem je male mase, lako je prenosiv I lako se raspoređuje. Troši malu količinu energije (5kW). Domet FM do 250km, preciznost 300 – 500 metara. Pokrivenost 360 stepeni po azimutu, 3D praćenje.


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Silent surveillance of silent objects

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Stealthy no more? A German radar vendor says it tracked the F-35 jet in 2018 — from a pony farm
"In the illustrious history of the F-35 fighter jet, add a pony farm outside Berlin as the place where one company claims the plane’s stealth cover was blown. The story that follows is a snapshot in the cat-and-mouse game between combat aircraft — designed to be undetectable by radar — and sensor makers seeking to undo that advantage."

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BREAKTHROUGH: INVISIBLE SURVEILLANCE OF AIRSPACE

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HENSOLDT Passive Radar, TwInvis Sensor Solution Tested In NATO’s Measurement Campaign
"In military applications, the system enables covert surveillance of large areas using networked receivers and offers the advantage that the "passive radar" cannot be located by the enemy and is very difficult to be jammed."

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80K6M

Mobilni S band 3D radarski sistem za osmatranje VaPa 80K6M za male, srednje i velike visine ukrajinske kompanije Iskra iz Zaporožja nastao je na dobrim iskustvima stečenim na radaru ST 68U.

"It uses a phase-modulated intrapulse modulation for good range resolution at relatively low pulse power. The complete radar and a container with operator workplaces are mounted on an 8x8 off-road truck. It is extremely fast deployable and does not require any technical preparation for installation on a new site."

Po performansama 80K6M ekvivalentan je američkim i evropskim vedetama poput AN/TPS 78 i GM 400. Ipak 80K6M je
u odnosu na ove radare daleko superiorniji u domenu mobilnosti, a osim toga u ponudi je po znatno manjoj cijeni. Instrumentalni domet iznosi 400km, preciznost 100 m; 0.33 stepeni, rotacija antene 5 or 10 r.p.m.

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3D AIR SURVEILLANCE RADAR 80K6M